Carrchlós Poiblí / Public Car Park

Vocabulary:
carr [m] = car
clós [m] = yard
carrchlós [m] = a car park
poiblí [adj] = public
carrchlós poiblí = a public car park

Grammar:
In most cases when you “marry” two nouns the main noun is in nominative and the second noun is in genitive, but sometimes you can put the second noun in front of the first one. Then three rules apply: they are joined together, the first noun (which is now second) is lenited and the new compound noun is of gender of that first (now second) noun.

Normally it should be “clós carranna” (a yard of cars), but nobody uses this. It is “carrchlós” (a car yard) instead. Note that the word “clós” is lenited and “carrchlós” is masculine, because “clós” is masculine.

There is just one case I know when both methods can be used.

coirm [f] = feast; drinking party
ceol [m] = music; song; vigour
coirm cheoil (literary: a feast of music) = a concert
ceolchoirm (literaly music feast) = a concert
Note: In the first case “ceol” is in genitive and lenited because “coirm” is feminine. In the second case “ceol” and “coirm” are written together, “coirm” is lenited and “ceolchoirm” is feminine, because “coirm” is feminine.

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Crios Mall / Slow Zone

Vocabulary:
crios [m] = zone; belt
mall [adj] = slow; late
crios mall = a slow zone

Grammar:
The adjective after a feminine noun in singular nominative is lenited and an adjective after a masculine noun in singular nominative is left unchanged.

fás [m] = growth
fás mall = a slow growth
caint [f] = speech
caint mhall = a slow speech
obair [f] = work
obair mhall = a slow work

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Baile Átha Luain / Athlone is a big town located on the River Shannon in County Westmeath

Vocabulary:
baile = home; town
áth = ford
Luan = name of a man who kept a hostelry on the River Shannon and the place was called Áth Luain; Monday
áth Luain = a ford of Luan
baile átha Luain = a town of a ford of Luan

Grammar:
Luan = Monday
Dé Luain = on Monday
ar an Luan = on Mondays, on the Monday

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Cill Droichid / Celbridge is a town on the River Liffey in County Kildare

Vocabulary:
cill = (historical) church
cill = (biological, electrical, ecclesiastical) cell
droichead = bridge
cill droichid = a church of a bridge

Grammar:
Forming plural forms in the Irish language is quite irregular. There are weak and strong plurals.
Weak plurals are formed by modifying a stem of a noun and/or adding a suffix – a.
droichead (bridge) > droichid (bridges)
cill (cell) > cealla (cells)
bróg (shoe) > bróga (shoes)
Very often singular nominative = plural genitive and singular genitive = plural nominative.
droichead = a bridge = of bridges
droichid = of a bridge = bridges
Strong plurals are formed using suffixes -í, -anna, -acha and -tha
comhartha (sign) > comharthaí (signs)
ceist (question) > ceisteanna (questions)
ainm (name) > ainmneacha (names)
glór (voice) > glórtha (voices)

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Teach Carton / Carton House is a historical country house that was the ancestral seat of the Earls of Kildare and Dukes of Leinster located in Maynooth in County Kildare

Vocabulary:
teach = house
teach Carton = a house of Carton

Grammar:
Only some nouns retained dative case in the Irish language. One of them is “teach”.

teach (singular nominative)
tí (singular genitive)
tithe (plural nominative & genitive)
tigh (singular & plural dative)

tigh Bhriain = in Brian’s house
tigh na comharsan = in a neighbour’s house
dul i dtigh diabhail = to go to blazes (literally: to go in a house of a devil)

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Slí na Sláinte is an initiative developed by the Irish Heart Foundation, aiming to encourage and increase the number of people walking in Ireland.

slí = way, path; manner
sláinte = health
slí na sláinte = a way of the health

Grammar:
The definite article “an” prefixes t- to initial s followed by a vowel or l, n, r of the feminine nouns in singular nominative.

slí = a way = of a way
an tslí = the way
na slí = of the way
slite = ways = of ways
na slite = the ways = of the ways

sláinte = health = of health
an tsláinte = the health
na sláinte = of the health
sláintí = “healths” = “of healths”
na sláintí = “the healths” = “of the healths”
Note: Irish “sláinte” has a plural form “sláintí”.

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Baile an Chaisleáin / Castletown (House) is is a country house built in 1722 for William Conolly, the Speaker of the Irish House of Commons, located in Celbridge in County Kildare

Vocabulary:
baile = town; home
caisleán = castle
baile an chaisleáin = a town of the castle

Grammar:
The definite article “an” lenites in singular genitive masculine nouns starting with consonants b, c, f, g, m and p.

caisleán = a castle
an castle = the castle
caisleáin = of a castle
an chaisleáin = of the castle

#roadsigns #roadsign #road #sign #ireland #eire #irish #irishlanguage #gaeilge #anghaeilge #learnirishfromroadsigns #foghlaimgaeilgeochomharthaibothair

Vocabulary:
raon = way, path, route, track
rothar (m) = bicycle
rothar = of bicycles
raon rothar = track of bicycles

roth = wheel
rothar = bicycle
rothaí = cyclist
rothach = wheeled, cyclical
rothaigh = to cycle
rothaíocht = cycling

Grammar:
For some nouns in indefinite forms singular nominative = plural genitive and singular genitive = plural nominative.

rothar = a bicycle
an rothar = the bicycle
rothair = of a bicycle
an rothair of the bicycle
rothair = bicycles
na rothair = the bicycles
rothar = of bicycles
na rothair = of the bicycles

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Maigh Nuad / Maynooth is a university town in north County Kildare

Vocabulary:
má = plain, flatland (old spelling: maigh, máigh)
Nuadha = one of the gods in Irish mythology (genitive: Nuad, old spelling: Nuadhat, Nuadhad)
má Nuad = a plain of Nuadha

Grammar:
A reform simplifying Irish spelling was introducted in 1940s.
old spelling > new spelling
maigh, máigh > má
beirbhiughadh > beiriú = boiling
faghbháil > fáil = getting, finding

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Vocabulary:
críoch = limit, boundary; end, completion, conclusion
críochnaigh = to finish, to complete
críochnú = verbal noun of “críochnaigh”; completion

críoch = region, territory
críochaigh = to demarcate
críochú = verbal noun of “críochaigh”; demarcation

Grammar:
Verbal nouns are used to construct present continous tense.

críochnaím = I finish
tá mé ag críochnú = I am finishing

críochaím = I demarcate
tá mé ag críochú = I am demarcating

#roadsigns #roadsign #road #sign #ireland #eire #irish #irishlanguage #gaeilge #anghaeilge #learnirishfromroadsigns #foghlaimgailgeochomharthaibothair